Summer Snowflake Leucojum aestivum LinnaeusNon-native  -  Invasive    
Kingdom Plantae   >   Division Tracheophyta   >   Class Magnoliopsida   >   Order Asparagales   >   Family Amaryllidaceae   >   Genus Leucojum   

Status:

This native of Europe and western Asia is a perennial herb that is becoming invasive in the United States. It has been reported from the East and West Coasts and some states in the central United States. It grows in marshes, wet meadows, wetlands, wet woodlands, and willow thickets.

Summer Snowflake has been reported from a number of counties in Maryland.

At Patuxent Research Refuge, in Prince George's County, there is now a large, dense stand of this plant in a bog/fen complex. The herbarium at the refuge had noted two small colonies on the property as far back as 1956. At first it spread slowly, but then picked up speed and now has completely out-competed other species where it occurs (S. Droege, pers. comm., 5/1/2021).

The threat of this non-native plant to natural areas in Maryland seems to be growing.

Description:

Summer Snowflake can grow to 1-1.5 ft. tall and has showy white flowers that bloom in mid-spring (not summer).

There are 26 records in the project database.

View at Maryland Plant Atlas

Search Flora of North America

Search Mid-Atlantic Herbaria Consortium

Search Norton-Brown Herbarium

View taxon at iNaturalist

View taxon at NatureServe

Search Google Images

Search MBP Facebook posts (beta | requires login)


[View seasonality details]
GAALWAFRCL MO HO BABCHACEPG AA CVCH SMKE QACNTA DO WISOWO
Summer Snowflake blooming in Montgomery Co., Maryland (4/27/2019). Photo by Bonnie Bell. (MBP list)

Summer Snowflake blooming in Howard Co., Maryland (5/5/2015). Photo by Richard Orr. (MBP list)

Summer Snowflake blooming in Carroll Co., Maryland (4/26/2015). Photo by Jim Stasz. (MBP list)

Summer Snowflake blooming in Carroll Co., Maryland (4/19/2015). Photo by Kathy Calvert. (MBP list)

Summer Snowflake in Montgomery Co., Maryland (4/21/2017). Photo by Bonnie Bell. (MBP list)

A Summer Snowflake in Howard Co., Maryland (4/6/2018). Photo by Joanne Solem. (MBP list)

Summer Snowflake in Anne Arundel Co., Maryland (10/7/2011). Photo by Bill Harms. (MBP list)

Summer Snowflake in Prince George's Co., Maryland (4/4/2017). Photo by Bill Harms. (MBP list)

Summer Snowflake in Charles Co., Maryland (4/25/2020). (c) spyingnaturalist, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC). Photo by spyingnaturalist via iNaturalist. (MBP list)

Summer Snowflake in Montgomery Co., Maryland (4/25/2020). (c) Michael Ellis, some rights reserved (CC BY). Photo by Michael Ellis via iNaturalist. (MBP list)


View All Images

Use of images featured on Maryland Biodiversity Project is only permitted with express permission of the photographer.

MBP marks as "Invasive" any taxon listed in the Maryland Invasive Species Council (MISC) list of Invasive Species of Concern in Maryland. You can read their criteria and review the lists here: https://mdinvasives.org/species-of-concern/.