Bitternut Hickory Carya cordiformis (Wangenheim) K. Koch    Synonyms: Hicoria cordiformis, Hicoria minima.
Kingdom Plantae   >   Division Tracheophyta   >   Class Magnoliopsida   >   Order Juglandales   >   Family Juglandaceae   >   Genus Carya   

Description:

The four wings on the fruit of Bitternut Hickory are diagnostic, as are the long, yellow, flamelike endbuds. The fruit is small and rounded, nearly globose or somewhat flattened, with a very thin husk. The leaflets are numerous, usually nine (but can be seven or eleven).

Where to find:

Occurs mostly in moist woods or wet bottomlands. It is present throughout the state, but is most common in the midland counties (Brown and Brown, 1972).

Relationships:

Host plant for various moth species including Luna Moth, American Dagger Moth and Pecan Leafminer Moth (Database of World's Lepidopteran Host Plants).

The nuts are so bitter that even squirrels usually avoid them.

There are 116 records in the project database.

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Bitternut Hickory in Caroline Co., Maryland (3/23/2013). Photo by Jim Brighton. (MBP list)

Bitternut Hickory in Cecil Co., Maryland (6/3/2017). Photo by Jim Brighton. (MBP list)

Bitternut Hickory in Queen Anne's Co., Maryland (8/13/2019). Note the four wings towards the tip of the fruit. Photo by Wayne Longbottom. (MBP list)

The leaf and fruit of Bitternut Hickory in Anne Arundel Co., Maryland (9/4/2012). Photo by Bill Harms. (MBP list)

Bitternut Hickory twig, showing characteristic, long yellow endbud, in Middlesex Co., New Jersey (12/22/2012). Photo by John Beetham. (MBP list)

Bitternut Hickory, showing characteristic,long yellow buds at ends of twig, in Montgomery Co., Maryland (9/2/2016). Photo by Jane Hill. (MBP list)

Bitternut Hickory, with characteristic fall foliage, in Montgomery Co., Maryland (11/6/2015). Photo by Rod Simmons. (MBP list)

Bitternut Hickory (trunk) in Howard Co., Maryland (2/11/2017). Photo by Bill Hubick. (MBP list)

Bitternut Hickory fruit in Anne Arundel Co., Maryland (9/4/2012). Photo by Bill Harms. (MBP list)

Bitternut Hickory in Montgomery Co., Maryland (9/23/2017). Photo by Jane Hill. (MBP list)

Bitternut Hickory seedling in Montgomery Co., Maryland (10/15/2017). Note long, slender, yellowish end bud characteristic of this species. Photo by Jane Hill. (MBP list)


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